So we talked about Los Eventos Importantes from each chapter. While Mama, Abuelita, and Hortensia discuss what can be done, Esperanza meets Miguel outside. Continue to start your free trial. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. - answer in Spanish. Hortensia, Alfonso, and Miguel board at the last minute. This morning, Kristy Placido shared an activity on Facebook that she created for her classes to use in Chapter 7 of the novel. That way, there are no spoilers. D. All of the above. Click the card to flip 8:00 in the morning Click the card to flip 1 / 19 Flashcards Learn Test Match Created by m2gymnast Terms in this set (19) What time is it in the opening of the book? Esperanza feels like she is floating higher - but she is uncertain about whether or not she enjoys the sensation of being unmoored. April 2015 I have used them the last three years and the kids really like them! Esperanza by Carol Gaab is a great book for your Spanish 1 or Spanish 2 students.This bundle includes questions and full answers in Spanish for every chapter of the book. Included are a vocabulary list with pictures and definitions, as well as basic background information on Guatemala, its cult, This is a fantastic song that includes lots of repetitions of language pertinent to citizenship, belonging, and our often intertwined cultural roots. Everyone at the ranch is preparing for the years grape harvest, including Esperanzas family, their servants, cowboys, and field workers. Its possible to drink too much and: Press Enter / Return to begin your search. See this post: https://fluencymatters.com/reading-is-breathing-give-your-students-oxygen/. Esperanza Rising Chapter Titles Summary Activity. Esperanza by Carol Gaab is a great book for your Spanish 1 or Spanish 2 students.This bundle includes questions and full answers in Spanish for every chapter of the book. How many does she end up giving him? I am a beginning TPRS teacher. Esperanza is nervous when she sees that some people are getting rejected from the border, but she and Mama pass through immigration without any complications. She is not used to speaking about her family's money. The sto, Recently updated! Included in this 28 page product are an original story based on the song Ave Que Emigra by Gaby Moreno,nine activities to accompany the song, a followup song called Guatemorfosis by Gaby Moreno with a story retell activity and two additional clozes for both songs. Why does Esperanza's mom think Alberto is causing the problems? Esperanza, Chapter 10 and Epilogue To begin, students made predictions as to how the novel would end. Who did Esperanza think was going to call her? This novel is based on the chilling true story of a young family caught in the middle of political corruption and unspeakable violence during Guatemalas 36-year civil war. Another option is to simply say Esperanza means hope, and it is also a girls name (Hope, with a capital H). Includes vocabulary list, questions on Guatemala, information and questions on the process of qualifying for political asylum, analysis questions on immigration, and a project to connect the novel with the related film, El Norte. Now, if only I could wrangle YOU to create some teachers guides for me! And the audio book is a great support for comprehension. Mama asks if she and Esperanza can go with them. Miguel is sixteen. Perfect timing! It becomes evident that the family will need to start over after Esperanzas father dies, and when fire consumes the family home, Abuelitas tight hold on her bag of crocheting indicates her firm belief that it contains enough for them to start over. Would you use this novel for grade 10 students in their second year of Spanish? Telefon: +40 21 212 86 07 But one day she told Miguel that because his family worked for hers, there was a river between them that couldnt be crossed. "This novel is based on the chilling true story of a young family caught in the middle of political corruption and unspeakable violence during Guatemala's 36-year civil war. I felt my students could use the review and many are still weak in many areas and in vocab so I used it as a chance to help improve their vocabulary through TPR which was new to them and gain confidence in reading and tie into Global Challenges. A lawyer tells Mama that Papa left the ranch house to her and Esperanza, but he left the land to To Luis. I used it at the beginning of my Spanish 1B course (the second year of middle school Spanish), and it was the perfect way to start of the year. (Here is the worksheet: Esperanza chapter 1 esquema). You know a novel is great when you can't escape it on the Internet. awesome. We enjoy using this lesson about Rigoberta Mench with the novel, Esperanza by Carol Gaab.The following activities are included in this packet:_______________________________Vocabulary list with TPR activity and QuizletReading abou. While gathering roses, Esperanza pricks her thumb on a thorn, and believes it is a sign of bad luck. Alfonso and Miguel finally arrive in a wagon, carrying the dead body of Esperanzas father covered in a blanket. - Teaching Immigration Bundle, This lesson is created for intermediate low students or above. I also explained that the novel is written from the first person perspectivefrom Esperanzas perspectiveand we talked about what that means and what we could expect from it. These lesson plans include a cloze activity with a key as well as three different versions of. I like to use these before starting a unit. The ac. I am not compensated in any way by the author or publisher for writing this post. Adresse:Calea Grivitei, 2-2A, 1st District, Bucharest, 2020 FABIZ - Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Master in Entrepreneurship and Business Administration (MEBA), Master en Entrepreneuriat et Gestion des Affaires (MEGA), Master in Entrepreneurship und Betriebswirtschaft (MEBW), Master in Digital Business and Innovation (MDBI), International Master in Business Administration (IMBA), Master of Entrepreneurship and Business Administration in Energy (Energy MBA). For each chapter, I have also included vocabulary that students at lower levels may not know. (LogOut/ You could prepare a list ahead of time and have students circle the important events, star the super-important events, checkmark the maybe important events and cross out the not important events. Questions are written in Spanish and appropriate for intermediate low students. After a few moments, Esperanza can hear and feel the land beneath her. Esperanzas uncles, To Luis and To Marco, arrive at the house. | --Back cover.We read this in school. The theme of the story is how a family can survive during political conflict. Tus padres hablan mucho por telfono? is. Start planning how you can incorporate Esperanza into your classroom. She constantly prods Esperanza about her familys wealth to the point where Esperanza is embarrassed. Will definitely be incorporating some of this when we read it this spring. But she decides on Feb. 16, 1989 that she must go to the US in order for her children to have a future. Hoy en da, es ms comn hablar por telfono, por mensajes de texto, o por Facebook. At the end of chapter 3 and the end of the week, it was a a good time to stop and digest what weve read so far. Mama tells Luis she will accept his proposal, but he must rebuild the ranch, and send a wagon so she can visit Abuelita at the convent. You probably noticed that every chapter ends with some statement about (not) having or losing hope (esperanza). Esperanza is woken by her mother screaming. Included in this 28 page product are an original story based on the song Ave Que Emigra by Gaby Moreno,nine activities to accompany the song, a followup song called Guatemorfosis by Gaby Moreno with a story retell activity and two additional clozes for both songs. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. It was awesome. For the next 7 days, you'll have access to awesome PLUS stuff like AP English test prep, No Fear Shakespeare translations and audio, a note-taking tool, personalized dashboard, & much more! thanks! Writing a Novel Chapter Summary. This novel is based on the chilling true story of a young family caught in the middle of political corruption and unspeakable violence during Guatemala's 36-year civil war. Crocheting requires little more than a hook and whatever raw materials are on hand, and Abuelitas advice implies that she herself has started over from next to nothing many times. Miguel tells her that his family will leave for the United States soon to look for work rather than work for Luis, but they will stay for a while to help Esperanzas family. This file also contains a page of comprehension questions about the song that should be answered after the matching is reviewed (and students understand the meaning of the song in English). Questions are written in Spanish and appropriate for intermediate low students. Id love to know how you do that. November 2014 It. At just $5.00 a pop (for 25+ novels), it is an excellent investment for your Spanish program. This song works great as a supplement to the book Esperanza by Carol Gaab and in conversations surrounding the cultural identities and customs of groups we belong to and/or become a part of. Welcome to CCC Spanish Store! Purchasing They immigrate to the United States, illegally at first, but eventually receive citizenship. Start studying Esperanza by Carol Gaab, Chapter5. Goggins, M.. Boghani, A. ed. Esperanzas work is lopsided compared to Abuelitas, but Abuelita tells her not to be afraid of starting over. Levels 2 and up. Leaking purple fluid indicates that you should check your. Hope this helps and sorry I couldn't give you more specific ways but I think the other womens' sites will be helpful. 20+ Esperanza-Carol Gaab ideas | esperanza, teaching spanish, 29 terms. Hi, Summary: Everyone arrives at the camp and Esperanza sees her new they don't have legal documents in the rest of Mexico much less the U.S. Esperanza and the kids are going back to Guatemala (her mom's house) and Alberto will go to the U.S. and look for work, when he finds work, he'll call. Stbere im grten eBookstore der Welt und lies noch heute im Web, auf deinem Tablet, Telefon oder E-Reader. Marta explains that landowners do this to keep the workers from uniting in an uprising against their masters. Technology Integration $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% I like doing a new chapter every 3 days or so, although occasionally it would take 4 or 5 depending on the cultural activities for that chapter. I used this in my Spanish 2 class during Chapter 6 of Esperanza. I was surprised that they chose #3, because they would usually pick a mix of 1 and 2 (and I let kids that want to read by themselves do so, if Ive put it up to a votesometimes I mandate partners). As individual episodes or as one full video. is. While she is alone, she starts remembering her father and tries to feel a connection to him again. Want to Read. Art Thanks for sharing! GradeSaver, 25 July 2014 Web. I was trying to create a final uh-ha moment at the very end when she says, My name is Esperanza and I now have hope Id like to know (from those who have read the book) if you think it would have been better to give her name at the beginning or if the final revelation is more fun/impactful. TPT empowers educators to teach at their best. May 2014 I like to use this when teaching Esperanza by Carol Gaab. I haven't had experience using it with students who have never had Spanish but it is meant for novice students and only 200 words and lots of cognates. Esperanza by Carol Gaab, Chapter 4. Students work in groups to say if they agree with one another (Estoy de acuerdo o No estoy de acuerdo) and can lead to discussion on why the situation is fair or not.Includes:-Activity for 4 corners (2 sides) where students move to a side of the classroom based on if they think the situation is fair or unfair.-A worksheet of the 27 statements for stu, Esperanza "Reading Log" Questions + Answers, Esperanza Chapter Summary Packet (Paquete de resmenes de captulo de Esperanza), Background Vocabulary, Questions, and Project for Esperanza Spanish Novel, Bundle: PowerPoint, Vocabulary, Questions & Project for Esperanza Spanish Novel, Reading "Los guatemaltecos de Postville" (level 2 and up), Guatemala Culture Reading and Comprehension questions, Internacionales - Bomba Estreo - Listening and Writing Activities, Living on One Dollar Documentary Worksheet, Reading and #Authres about Rigoberta Mench, Song Activity: La llamada (Selena) lyrics and comprehension questions. if they're going to succeed, how Alberto's doing/where he's at. One comment about Martinas plans, which are always fabulous Martina shared the name of the character (Esperanza) in the book before students started reading the story. They keep driving until the mountains disappear and all Esperanza can see are fields full of workers. The questions are in Spanish and can be responded to in writing or discussed as a class. Is this novel REALLY Level 1? Which factors contribute to text complexity? Upon learning that Esperanza was once wealthy, Marta begins to taunt her. (LogOut/ Whether you read my blog, Kristy Placidos blog, Sharon Birchs blog, Profe Hansons blog,youve surely heard of Esperanza. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. Esperanza leaves with a bag containing clothes, tamales, and her new doll. This was all in Spanish, of course! I received express, written consent from the publisher to share the materials that I created and to use the cover image and title of the novel in this blog post. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! The language is so simple, yet the themes are so complex! This will be the first time we have done this book and I love your resources! This is an activity where students will have to write down the main ideas and details from each chapter in the book Esperanza Rising. And the audio book is a great support for comprehension. Essential Skills for Comprehension Based Teachers. October 2014 It has been helpful for me with activity suggestions. Are you getting the free resources, updates, and special offers we send out every week in our teacher newsletter? The fact that it is the first . She describes her heart as untethered when she is unable to hear the heartbeat of the land. I think that the second period that I teach this would have chosen 1/2, so I am glad that I didnt give them the option. Main Characters: Esperanza Alberto Ricardito Lili Our students just finished the first three chapters of the novel Esperanza by Carol Gaab, of TPRS Publishing. Here is how we spent it: Students re-read Chapter 1 aloud with a partner. Appropriate for intermediate low students. Summary ; Chapter 5; Study Guide. 5th grade . Marta is about Miguels age and has a sharp tongue. Writing a Novel Chapter Summary. End advertisement. Esperanza's discomfort continues, when they arrive at the United States border in Mexicali. Standards Based She has lost her father, her home, and everything she has ever known. We began reading Esperanza, by Carol Gaab, in my Spanish 1b classes today. Chapter 2 Summary. Cant wait to hear how it goes! She is also jealous that Miguel keeps speaking to Marta after the way she has spoken about Esperanza's father. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. A Mexican woman and children ride in the back of a truck to find work on a farm. The group discusses the difficulties of crossing the border into the United States. For each chapter, I have also included vocabulary that students at lower levels may not know. I printed colored game board and directions for each table, so we had many going on at once. Add in the comprehensive Teachers Guide for a few extra dollars, and you have ready-made, highly engaging lessons for several weeks. What the does the narrator say about going to the US.? A Worldly Affair Pamela Hanlon 2017-09-05 The tumultuous, entertaining true story of how the city has welcomed the world's leaders and diplomats . There is also a Google link for you to make a copy and edit to fit your needs.Students will read the comprehensible text (Level I) & answer compr, Save over 20% on this bundle, which includes an editable PowerPoint presentation, vocabulary list and supplementary questions, and a project that accompany the novel Esperanza written by Carol Gaab. Hes renting a room from a Mexican family & he found a job. Ones Gotta Go discussion prompt for language classes. Either way, this is a great way to recycle vocabulary and have students show comprehension! Esperanza by Carol Gaab, Chapter 1 4.5 (23 reviews) What time is it in the opening of the book? The original intent of author Carol Gaab was to keep it a surprise until the end, but I spoiled it for the sake of comprehension. E1- Calendario de mayo 2018 Novela: ESPERANZA Escrito por: Carol Gaab Ave que emigra, Gaby Moreno Respira, Luis Fonsi Por Amor, Los Tigres del Norte Da 1- lunes, el 7 de mayo Introduccin: The activities for each chapter are due upon reading the chapter. Copyright 1999 - 2021 GradeSaver LLC. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? Chapter 5 is full of confrontation and uncertainty. What does Esperanza say Alberto's "obsession" is. He tells Esperanza that when a person lies down on the ground, they can feel the land breathe and hear its heart beating. How does Alberto describe his life in the U.S.? Add in the comprehensive Teachers Guide for a few extra dollars, and you have ready-made, highly engaging lessons for Juan stops so that a girl, Marta, can get into the car. Miguel - not Mama - brings Esperanza out of her daydream. As part of that unit we discuss the Postville Raid. We watch a 15 minute video from PBS Frontline (link provided). Please provide a chapter number for your question? And get thistwo of Christinasah-mazing students loved the song so much that they learned how to perform it together! Sixto is the wealthy owner of El Rancho de las Rosas. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Preterite Vs. Imperfect Esperanza giggles as they lie down to listen, and says she cant hear it, but Papa tells her to be patient. I like to use these before starting a unit. For each chapter, I have also included vocabulary that students at lower levels may not know. Want 100 or more? Luis is surprised but agrees. leanna.buckwalter@k12northstar.org. Destiny 2 Secrets 2021, We then read the provided reading and discuss.This resource contains:A one-page comprehensible reading in Spanish A link to the PBS Frontline video about the Guatemalans of PostvilleA sheet of 10 comprehension questions in SpanishAnswer keyBUNDLE AND SAVE! Also, remember that anything that you post online for your students to access can also be accessed byanyoneon the Internet (unless it is in a password-protected area of the web). "This novel is based on the chilling true story of a young family caught in the middle of political corruption and unspeakable violence during Guatemala's 36-year civil war. Change). Are any of your resources that were previously available still available? Unique word count: 200. **If you have the ability to send each student home with a novel, this could, EDITABLE Spanish supplementary materials for the novel Esperanza written by Carol Gaab about the Guatemalan Civil War. Papas funeral services last for three days, and people leave the family food and flowers. We spoke about immigration (again, using the resources provided in the Teachers Guide) and hypothesized about what we might expect to read about in the novel, given the title Esperanza and its meaning (Hope). Cousin of the narrador. You'll also receive an email with the link. If you would like a blank template for students to write their own summaries, or for your to type in the events of any story or novel you are reading as a class, you can download our free template, click on the picture below: Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Isabel tells them about the past year. Martina, I love teaching Esperanza in my beginning-level high school classes. Who calls Esperanza the first and third times? Esperanzas amazement as she hears and feels the heartbeat of the land for the first time reinforces her bonds with her homeland and with her father, and foreshadows how this bond will bring her strength during difficult times. Everyone loads into Juans beat up truck; the adults sit in the cab and the children climb into the flatbed. When Esperanza first meets Turtle, she looks and acts shocked and can't stop looking at her. Songs November 2013 continues her conversation with her mother. Luis and Marco express sorrow for another tragedy so soon after Papas death, and Luis wonders what the family will do if more accidents happen. In contrast, Esperanza keeps her feelings to herself and lets others speak up in her defense. Tarkov Best Sniper, Becuase he looked Mexican. They should try to match lines based on words that they DO understand, even though they won't understand everything. Preterite "Esperanza Rising Chapter 5: Los Melones (Cantaloupes) Summary and Analysis". Hello, I love your resources for Esperanza! Included are a vocabulary list with pictures and definitions, as well as basic background information on Guatemala, its culture, and the Guatemalan Civil War. Esperanza is the only child of Sixto and Ramona Ortega. May 2017 For over seven decades, New York City and the At this point, Esperanza is uncertain about her new life but she is certain that she does not like Marta. LOL Anne Dunn did a fabulous job on the Teachers Guide. The novel begins when the Corderos move into a new house on Mango Street in the Latino section of Chicago. He died. Hi, We are reading Esperanza right now, and are on Chapter 6. She got the idea for the activity from Cynthia Hitz, and she posted it on her blog here. You knowa novel is great when you cant escape it on the Internet. Huellas 1: Comer para vivir o vivir para comer, Ty's magical work of Literature de America. Esperanza tries to explain that her father was a kind man and Isabel explains that Esperanza lost everything in a fire, but Marta does not stop ridiculing the new arrival. We began reading Esperanza, by Carol Gaab, in my Spanish 1b classes today.It. Even though the documentary is in English, this film guide will give you the opportunity to discuss the film in Spanish!What is included in this film guide?Personalized Question and AnswerDescription of characters and culture in film with a QuizletA reading about the film with some discussion questionsEs bueno o maloWho is it? I am not compensated in any way by the author or publisher for writing this post. Chapter 5. While Esperanza and Miguel have always been close, external forces (like their class differences) created a rift between them. Esperanza giggles as they lie down to listen, and says she can't hear it, but Papa tells her to be patient. . Getting ready to do Pirates franais des Carabes with my students in second semester. Besides throwing stones and yelling taunts at the workers, the strikers also employ some pretty despicable tricks to frighten them. It was published by TPRS Publishing, Inc. and has a total of 83 pages in the book. The family and friends agree that Luis will destroy more of the ranch unless Mama marries him. They talk about the rose bushes Papa planted for each of them, side by side. Discount, Discount Code However, Esperanza's interactions with Isabel and Marta force Esperanza to realize that in her new circumstances, her past wealth is more of a hindrance than a boon. Selena Gomez makes her March Here's the plan: The men have built a false floor in the wagon. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Abuelita employs wisdom, an important trait of her character, to ground the incident in reality when she explains that there are no roses without thorns and that Esperanza cannot control some of the bad things that happen in life. She doesnt want to go and abandon her children. that they are corrupt and the criminals of Guatemala. I thought that the book was high interest before we began it, but then again I think that a lot of things are high interest before my students get into them. My classes u, This document includes 33 statements written for Novice High and above where students decide if each statement is fair or unfair (Justo o Injusto). There is also a Google link for you to make a copy and edit to fit your needs.Students will read the comprehensible text (Level I) & answer compr, Save over 20% on this bundle, which includes an editable PowerPoint presentation, vocabulary list and supplementary questions, and a project that accompany the novel Esperanza written by Carol Gaab. Technology Theme, First off a huge shout out to Carol Gaab, the author of her amazing book. Esperanza by Carol Gaab is a great book for your Spanish 1 or Spanish 2 students.This bundle includes questions and full answers in Spanish for every chapter of the book. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. While this incident foreshadows the tragedy that befalls her father, it also foretells the harsh conditions that Esperanza will later endure before learning to thrive once again. We use it with the novel of Esperanza by Carol Gaab. Sixto is the wealthy owner of El Rancho de las Rosas. TPT empowers educators to teach at their best. All content 2010-2022 The Comprehensible Classroom. Luis then offers to marry her so she can continue to live in the house. Welcome to CCC Spanish Store! Esperanza around the web. As individual episodes or as one full video. Chapter 6 - Esperanza - the immigration game - great game from Jason Noble Jason was one of the teachers who came to my rescue and convinced me to not shy away from immigration, but instead have students experience it through the simulation he created. Brain Breaks Esperanza's discomfort continues, when they arrive at the United States border in Mexicali. Why might imported denim jeans cost less than a pair made domestically? @desireehanson where is your profile pic from? Oops!! Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! Your students vote on how you read in class. PowerPoint for Esperanza Spanish NovelThis editable Spanish PowerPoint Slides presentation accompanies the novel Esperanza written by Carol Gaab about the Guatemalan Civil War. Give examples of the casual fashions of the 1980 s and 1990 s. You're told that Lycra is a trade name for spandex. esperanza by carol gaab chapter 5 summary Robin McKinley. Esperanza tries to hear the heartbeat of the earth but she cannot, which frustrates her. They carry cuttings from Papas rose garden. I used this in my Spanish 2 class during Chapter 6 of Esperanza. To Luis and To Marco visit the family every day, becoming more frustrated as Esperanzas mother continues to grieve for Papa. March 2014 on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% In this case before starting the book Esperanza By Carol Gaab. I used my seating chart to walk around and monitor that they were actually speaking. Permission slip for students to view El Norte, along with an answer key, I originally developed these activities to accompany the FluencyMatters novel, Esperanza, by Carol Gaab. I love your lesson plans. He offers again to marry Mama, and she says she will consider his proposal. Today, we use a process of heating liquids to prevent spoiling by bacteria and other microorganisms, pioneered by of the three scientists mentioned above. 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars. What even.Good book for beginner Spanish students. Traffic Light Activities to keep the reading process novel. While she is alone, she starts remembering her father and tries to feel a connection to him again. Tired of watching city workers endure countless human and civil rights violations, Alberto organizes a union. Add in the comprehensive Teacher's Guide for a few extra dollars, and you have ready-made, highly engaging lessons for several weeks. What is pop-up grammar, and what is it NOT? July 2013 2 versions under one cover: Present & Past Tense. Esperanza (one code per order). Roses thrive in harsh conditions and beautify their surroundings but harvesting their blooms can be risky, as Esperanza learns when she pricks her thumb on the roses thorn. He had a passion of justice and as an activist planned to dispose the corrupt president Cerezo. Esperanza realizes that her past social standing actually makes people dislike her in her new life. There will be jobs for everyone. As part of that unit we discuss the Postville Raid. We watch a 15 minute video from PBS Frontline (link provided). They had about 15 minutes to read back through the chapter to complete the organizer, and their completed graphic organizers proved that they did indeed understand the chaptervery few students had any errors on the worksheet. The kids did great, and it was excellent reinforcement of their language arts curriculum. This novel takes place during Guatemala's 36 year war and is a perfect fit for the AP Theme: Desafos Globales (Global Challenges). Are you getting the free resources, updates, and special offers we send out every week in our teacher newsletter? TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. While reading the Fluency Fast novel Esperanza by Carol Gaab, one of the main themes is la injusticia. I am a teacher who is passionate about implementing effective strategies to help students learn and enjoy the process of learning another language! It is a powerful novel to use in Spanish courses not only because of the deep cultural themesthat it addresses, but also because it is writtenwith very limited vocabulary and from the first person-perspective. In this chapter, it becomes clear that their relationship is developing into something more than friendship.
Fort Knox Drill Sergeants, Articles E